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Enhancing Linux Security with cPanel and WHM
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Enhancing Linux Security with cPanel and WHM
Presented By
Black Pearl Matrix
5 Tips to Improve Linux Server Security with cPanel and WHM
- Regularly Update Operating System and Installed Applications
- Use Strong Passwords
- Enable Two-Factor Authentication
- Configure the Firewall
- Monitor Server Resource Usage
Linux represents a whole computing revolution, with an advantage of about 80% over Windows servers. More and more companies need to migrate their servers to various flavors of Linux. Some of the most important servers in the world run on the Linux platform.
These servers are built to last and their reliability is proven by the best and biggest companies and operating systems like Debian, Ubuntu, Redhat among others.
Before we check the 5 tips for improving security, let's check some advantages in using a Linux server, which are:
Stability
There is no need to restart the system to maintain efficiency levels. Linux systems, if configured correctly, can generally operate until a hardware failure or system shutdown.
Efficiency
Linux offers high performance in networks and servers. It has the ability to manage a huge volume of users as well as parallel connections.
Security
Linux provides top of the line security. Efficient firewalls as well as versatile permissions systems for file access that prevent unwanted access and viruses.
Network
It provides exceptional networking features. It’s customizable for many programs, and it’s secure.
Flexibility
Because it is open source, the source code is easily available to all users. Users can customize it as per their requirements.
Technical support
Linux offers some of the best technical support available. It is used by numerous commercial consultants and distributors, as well as an active developer community.
Multitasking
Multitasking, or the ability to run multiple programs or tasks simultaneously, is supported by Linux.
No Downtime
Virtually all updates are applied without the system having to go offline. Furthermore, Linux servers rarely require a restart to fix errors or complete updates. That means virtually no time for breaks.
Freely Distributed Source Code
A large number of developers have reviewed, and are still reviewing, the Linux source code. Therefore, efficiency is always increasing, which leads to improved performance, elimination of bugs and improved security.
Now why use WHM and cPanel for Linux servers?
Managing a web server can seem like a daunting task, and even more so if it’s a Linux server. Fortunately, you don’t need to be a Linux console expert to manage a Linux-based server, now you don’t need a series of tools to manage a web server, with just one software you can carry out all of the commonly done things directly from the console, from a Intuitive graphical interface.
What is WHM and cPanel?
WHM (Web Host Manager) is a web-based control panel for administering a Linux server, which allows you to create and manage cPanel accounts and set certain global parameters that apply to all accounts.
From the initial installation, you can choose the apps you want to use to use various functions.
Which allow you to:
• Establish and modify user accounts.
• Customize alerts for server services, bandwidth and more.
• Install applications and programming language modules.
• Create and apply hosting plans.
• Configure email and block spam and SPF records.
• Integrate new web technologies.
• Track trends and website usage.
• Manage Bind, FTP, Email, Updates and many more features.
cPanel is a hosting control panel, which offers certain interface tools for automation, with which you can simplify the process of hosting a website. cPanel provides management features for administrators, resellers and website owners, in addition to receiving information about the consumption of resources that your server has.
cPanel is quite popular, this is due to the organization of functions that can be performed in the Panel. The main functions are organized by categories and icons on the main page, where users can access them easily and quickly.
From this main page you can:
• Automate and download backup files.
• Manage email accounts and limits.
• Spam control through SpamAssassin.
• File management via FTP and a File Manager function.
• Manage databases using MySQL, PostgreSQL and phpMyAdmin.
• Manage DNS and maintain full control over your zone files.
• Analyze website statistics.
The combination of the WHM/cPanel graphical interface makes you feel at ease and you don’t need to use the command line anymore on Linux servers. You can have a WordPress site with just a few clicks of installing or setting up a 301 and 302 redirect by filling in two fields without needing to know all the file locations or the correct syntax required for the redirect. All your website statistics are easily visible, from the number of visitors, their location, a breakdown of the days of visits and even the bandwidth used.
There are several ways to enhance the security of a Linux server with cPanel and WHM. Some tips include:
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Regularly Update the Operating System and Installed Applications
Security vulnerabilities are often patched through software updates. It is important to keep your operating system and installed applications up to date to ensure that you are protected from these vulnerabilities.
Use Strong Passwords
Weak passwords are an easy target for brute force attacks. Be sure to use strong, unique passwords for all user accounts and services.
Enable Two-Factor Authentication
Two-factor authentication adds an extra layer of security as it requires the user to provide something they have (like a cell phone) in addition to their password to access the account.
Configure the Firewall
The firewall can help block unwanted access to the server. cPanel and WHM include a firewall management tool that allows you to configure firewall rules to block traffic from specific sources or to certain ports.
Monitor Server Resource Usage
It is important to monitor server resource usage such as CPU, memory and disk to ensure that the server is running efficiently and to detect any suspicious activity. cPanel and WHM include several resource monitoring tools that can help with this task.
Monitoring server resource usage is important to ensure the system is running efficiently and to identify potential performance issues or bottlenecks. Some things you can monitor include:
1. CPU Usage
The CPU is the “core” of the computer, responsible for processing system instructions. If the CPU is overloaded, it can affect server performance.
2. Memory Usage
Memory is used by the system to store temporary data while the computer is in use. If memory is exhausted, there may be performance issues.
3. Hard Disk Usage
Hard disk is used by the system to store permanent files and data. If the disk is nearly full, there may be performance issues.
4. Network Traffic
Network traffic can be monitored to verify the amount of data being transferred to and from the server. This can help identify performance issues or possible attacks.
There are several tools available to monitor server resource usage, including cPanel, WHM, and Linux SAR (System Activity Report). Using these tools, you can track resource usage in real time and set up alerts to notify you when levels reach a specified threshold. This allows you to take action to correct performance issues before they affect server operation.
On Linux VPS and Dedicated Servers, due to root access, WHM has more features than the WHM of a reseller plan, however, it is possible to make several configurations in both cases. Check out the main ones:
1. Creating and Managing Packages and Accounts
You have the autonomy to configure and distribute hosting resources. It is possible to create packages with resources previously defined by you and add new accounts to it.
And for each account created in WHM, it will have a unique control panel, cPanel.
Having a unique control panel for each account you add to WHM is very important for the security of all accounts, for example, if one site on one account is infected or hacked, the other sites on other accounts in WHM will not be affected.
Within an account with the cPanel panel, it will be possible to: manage the website files; install CMS and applications, create and manage the database; add domains/subdomains; create FTP users; manage email accounts; track site statistics, etc.
2. Environment and Resource Management
You can insert numerous plugins for cPanel, related to security, monitoring, backup, etc. In addition, you will be able to manage the products and tools that will be available in cPanel for each account.
Also, you’ll be able to monitor the consumption of each account, check the number of processes that are running, analyze the amount of available memory, check for POP3 and IMAP connection problems, monitor the FTP service, etc.
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3. Customizing Your cPanel Dashboard With Your Brand
This feature is very useful for Resellers, and makes the Reseller more professional and more credible.
You will be able to insert your logo, insert links in the cPanel panel, change the theme and style of the panel, as well as add a public profile of your brand.
FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions About Linux Security Enhancement
1. What is the WHM panel?
2. Where is cPanel located?
3. How secure is Linux?
4. What are the advantages of using a Linux server?
5. Why would a sysadmin want to use a Linux server?
Conclusion
In summary, it is important to keep the operating system and installed applications updated to ensure protection against security vulnerabilities.
Additionally, it’s critical to use strong, unique passwords and enable two-factor authentication to add an extra layer of security.
Configuring the firewall is also an important measure to block unwanted access to the server.
Finally, it is important to monitor the use of server resources such as CPU, memory and disk to ensure smooth operation and identify any suspicious activity. cPanel and WHM offer useful tools to help with these tasks.
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